Hyaluronic Acid

Hyaluronic Acid (HA) is a linear Polysaccharide belonging to the Glycosaminoglycans, formed by repeating units of D-glucuronic Acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. In the human body, the average concentration of Hyaluronic Acid is about 200 mg per kg of weight. It is naturally present in the extracellular matrix of connective tissues and contributes to their hydration, elasticity, and integrity. Hyaluronic Acid has hygroscopic, rheological, and viscoelastic properties, and there are many functions performed by this substance in the human body.

The use of Hyaluronic Acid is widespread both in Food Supplements, to support Skin and Joint Health, and in cosmetic products and medical devices for topical or injectable applications.

Because of its extraordinary ability to retain water, it is well known and its use extremely widespread. In fact, this characteristic makes it indispensable for keeping the skin hydrated and radiant. When combined with Marine Collagen, Hyaluronic Acid enhances the moisturizing effect, contributing to softer skin, free of blemishes or wrinkles.

Oral intake of Hyaluronic Acid as a dietary supplement is generally well tolerated. Available clinical studies, even at dosages up to 200 mg/day for prolonged periods (e.g., 12 weeks), have shown no relevant side effects in the healthy population. Possible reactions (rare) include mild gastrointestinal disturbances (bloating, feeling full, mild nausea) and hypersensitivity reactions in predisposed individuals (e.g., individual intolerances to the ingredient or components of the formulation).

Key Features
Hyaluronic Acid comes in different forms depending on molecular weight, which determines its properties and applications:

Type

High molecular weight
Medium molecular weight
Low molecular weight

Molecular Weight (Da)

> 1,000,000
500,000 – 1,000,000
< 500,000 (up to 50,000)

Main Features

Filmogenic, protective and surface moisturizing action
Good balance between surface hydration and penetration
Optimal skin penetration, deep action, stimulation of internal synthesis

Cosmetic products based on Hyaluronic Acid (creams, serums, masks) are considered safe. Possible side effects, however rare, may be: mild skin irritation or redness in individuals with particularly sensitive skin and allergic contact rreactions (extremely rare).

Main benefits
Due to its structure, it has an extraordinary ability to bind and retain water (up to 1000 times its own weight), helping to:

  • Maintain hydration and skin tone.
  • Promote skin elasticity and firmness.
  • Improve skin firmness, elasticity and hydration.
  • Lubricate and protect joints.

In the case of medical applications by injection of Hyaluronic Acid (fillers, joint infiltrations), undesirable effects are generally local and transient: redness, swelling, or pain at the injection site and/or the formation of small subcutaneous nodules (dermal fillers); rare cases of inflammatory reaction or infection (joint infiltrations or unsterile or contaminated fillers)

Hyaluronic acid is not recommended in cases of: known hypersensitivity to the ingredient, prior severe allergic reactions to HA products, use during pregnancy or lactation, unless otherwise advised by a physician. Always remember that it is important to consult a health care professional before starting any new supplement or treatment.