Oxidative Stress is the imbalance between free radicals and antioxidant defenses. Causes, biological consequences, biomarkers, and the role of antioxidant supplements in counteracting it.

Lipids are macronutrients essential for cell membranes, vitamin absorption, and hormone production. Classification, omega-3 and omega-6 essential fatty acids, and supplementation.

Keratin is the fibrous protein that makes up hair, nails, and the stratum corneum. Structure, hydrolyzed forms, mechanism of action, and role in hair care supplements.

Antioxidants are molecules that counteract free radicals and oxidative stress. Classification, mechanisms, dietary sources, and key ingredients in supplements.

Vitamin D regulates calcium, bone, immunity, and muscle. D3 vs D2, synergy with Magnesium and Vitamin K2, EFSA approved claims and Ministry of Health limits.

Coenzyme Q10 is essential for ATP production and antioxidant protection. Ubiquinone vs ubiquinol, bioavailability, statins, and applications in longevity formulations.

Vitamin C is essential for immunity, Collagen synthesis, and antioxidant protection. Available forms, EFSA claims, bioavailability, and differences between ascorbic and liposomal acid.

Omega-3s are essential fatty acids with solid evidence on cardiovascular health, brain function, and inflammation. EPA, DHA, ALA: sources, molecular forms, and EFSA claims.

Omega-7 is a monounsaturated fatty acid found in sea buckthorn. It supports skin and mucosal integrity, with particular relevance to menopausal women.

Creatine increases muscle Phosphocreatine stores to regenerate ATP. Monohydrate, HCl, malate: forms, efficacy, EFSA claims, and intake protocols.