Lipids are macronutrients essential for cell membranes, vitamin absorption, and hormone production. Classification, omega-3 and omega-6 essential fatty acids, and supplementation.

Carbohydrates are the body’s primary source of energy. Simple, complex, and dietary fiber: classification, glycemic index, and role in functional supplements.

Proteins are essential macronutrients composed of amino acids. Biological functions, dietary requirements, food sources, and forms found in supplements for sports, wellness, and health.

Keratin is the fibrous protein that makes up hair, nails, and the stratum corneum. Structure, hydrolyzed forms, mechanism of action, and role in hair care supplements.

The hair follicle is the structure that produces and houses the hair. Anatomy, phases of the hair growth cycle, and the role of key nutrients: Biotin, Zinc, Keratin, Vitamin D, and Iron.

Bioavailability is the proportion of an active ingredient that enters the bloodstream. Factors, a comparison of chemical forms, and their impact on ingredient selection in dietary supplements.

Zinc Gluconate is a specific form of Zinc bound to Gluconic Acid, widely used in dietary supplements because of its good bioavailability and tolerability. Gluconate serves only as a vehicle: the Zinc is the active, but it must be bound to a compound to be bioavailable.

It is an essential trace element for many biological functions, including immune system support, wound healing, DNA synthesis, and carbohydrate metabolism.

Selenomethionine is the organic form of Selenium in which this essential trace element is bound to the amino acid Methionine. It is characterized by high bioavailability and is easily incorporated into the body's proteins in place of Methionine. It is mainly used as a source of Selenium in dietary supplements.